Finland, Tax Lists, 1809-1915
Index and images of tax lists from 1809 to 1915. These documents are called "henkikirjat" in Finnish. The index includes the names and ages of all individuals. The heads of household were usually listed with both first and last names or patronymics, while additional household members were often listed by their first names only. The images may also include the relationships of household members.
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Finland, Tax Lists
Source: https://www.familysearch.org/en/wiki/Finland,_Tax_Lists_-_FamilySearch_Historical_Records
What is in This Collection?
Index and images of tax lists which were recorded every 5 years beginning in 1810 and continuing to 1915. These documents are called henkikirjatin Finnish and mantallslängder in Swedish. The index includes those individuals who were recorded with first and last names or patronymics, usually the head of household or property owner. The images may also include given names, ages, and relationships of other family and household members.
While the primary purpose of these records was the assessment of taxes, they also serve as a quinquennial (every five years) census of most of the population for the years 1810 to 1915. In 1809, during the Finnish War between Sweden and Russia, the occupied portions of Finland pledged their allegiance to Tsar Alexander I of Russia in return for allowing Finland to keep their laws and religion. The Treaty of Frederiksham ceded Finland to the Russian Empire as the Autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland (Suomen suuriruhtinaskunta or Storfurstendömet Finland), and the Tsar assumed the title Grand Duke of Finland. This relationship lasted until 1917 when Finland declared independence following the Russian October Revolution.
Additional records and/or images may be added to this collection in the future.
Reading These Records
These records are written in Finnish and Swedish. For help reading them see:What Can These Records Tell Me?
This record gives the names of all persons resident who are eligible to pay taxes. In addition to their names it generally provides their age or birth year, occupation, and relationship to the head of household. The information varies over time, and is generally more complete in later years. It also identifies the number of persons eligible to pay taxes, the number of persons exempt, their religious affiliation and after 1810 may also indicate if any hold a Russian passport.
1810, 1815, 1820, 1825, 1830
The following fields on this census may contain valuable genealogical information.
| Column (Swedish) | English |
|---|---|
| Bya Namn | Village name |
| Åboernes Namn | Head of household's name |
| (Usually no heading) | Names, relationship and age of other residents |
1835, 1840, 1845
The following fields on this census may contain valuable genealogical information.
| Column (Swedish) | English |
|---|---|
| Bynamn | Village name |
| (Usually no heading) | Name of residence or address, names of residents |
| Männer / Hustrar / Enker / Söner, Dränger / Döttrar, Pigar | Number of : Married men / married women / widowed / sons, male servants / daughters, female servants |
| Summa personer | Total number of persons eligible to pay taxes |
| Annotations / Anmärkingar | Comments |
1850, 1855, 1860
The following fields on this census may contain valuable genealogical information.
| Column (Swedish) | English |
|---|---|
| Bynamn | Village name |
| (Usually no heading) | Name of residence or address, head of household, occupation |
| Männer / Hustrar / Enker / Söner, Dränger / Döttrar, Pigar | Number of : Married men / married women / widowed / sons, male servants / daughters, female servants |
| Summa personer | Total number of persons eligible to pay taxes |
| (Usually no heading) | Names of other persons, relationship to head of household, occupation |
1865, 1870, 1875
The following fields on this census may contain valuable genealogical information.
| Column (Swedish) | English |
|---|---|
| Bynamn | Village name |
| Hemman, hemmansdelar och ovrige lagenheter samt vardsfolket i hvarje hushåll | Name of residence and other dwellings with names of persons living there |
| Personernes namn och orsakerne til befrielse från mantalspenningar | Names of persons exempt from paying taxes |
| Summa personer | Total number of persons eligible to pay taxes |
1880, 1885
The following fields on this census may contain valuable genealogical information.
| Column (Swedish) | English |
|---|---|
| By | Village name |
| Hemmans och personers namn, samt de senares födelseår jemte orsaken til befrielse från mantalspenningar | Residence and persons names, with the latter's birth year along with the reason for exemption from paying taxes |
| Hemman, hemmansdelar och ovrige lagenheter samt vardsfolket i hvarje hushåll | Name of residence and other dwellings with names of persons living there |
| Summa folkmängd / Män / Qvinde | Total number of persons / Men / Women |
| Icke lutheraner / Greker / Öfrige kristna förvandter / Icke kristna | Non-Lutherans / Greek orthodox / other Christian / non-Christian |
| Värneplitige män af 21 års ålder | Conscriptable men over 21 years of age |
1890
The following fields on this census may contain valuable genealogical information.
| Column (Finnish) | English |
|---|---|
| Kylän nimi | Village name |
| Tilain ja henkilöiden nimet sekä viimemainittuen syntymävuosi ja syyt vapautukseen henkirahain maksista y. m. | Names and status of persons as well as their year of birth and reasons for exemption from paying taxes |
| Henkirahoja maksavia / Miehiä / Naisia | Taxable persons / Male / Female |
| Yhteenlaskettu väkiluvun määrä / Miehiä / Naisia | Total number of residents / Male / Female |
| Henkilöt, jotka ovat toisten palveluksessa, sekä heidän vaimot ja lapset | Persons who are employed by others, as well as their wives and children |
| Ei luterilaisia / Kreikkalaisia / Muita kristinuskov / Ei kristityitä | Non-Lutherans / Greek orthodox / other Christian / non-Christian |
| Asevelvollisia 21 vuoden ikäisiä miehiä | Conscriptable men 21 years of age |
1895, 1900, 1905, 1910, 1915
The following fields on this census may contain valuable genealogical information.
| Column (Finnish) | English |
|---|---|
| Kylän nimi | Village name |
| Asiakirja, johon omistustahi hallinto-oikeus perustun / Laji / Antopäivä | How is this property owned? / Rented, owned or mortgaged / Date |
| Tilan sekä maakirja- että muu paikkakunnalla käytetty nimi kuin myös henkilöin nimi ja syntymävuosi ynnä syy vapautukseen henkirahasta y. m. | Name of dwelling, names and years of birth of occupants |
| Summa väkilukua Miehiä / Naisia | Total Males / Females |
| Ei luterilaisia / Kreikkalais-oikeauskoisia / Muita kristityitä uskolaisia / Ei kristityitä | Non-Lutherans / Greek orthodox / other Christian / non-Christian |
| Asevelvollisia miehiä 21 vuoden iällä | Conscriptable men 21 years of age |
Collection Content
These records generally include the following:
- Persons's name
- Age
- Occupation
- Residence
Sample Images
Image samples are grouped together by the form being used. Forms changed in 1810, 1835, 1850, 1865, 1880, 1890, and 1895. Prior to 1890 the forms were in Swedish. After that date they were in Finnish.
1810, 1815, 1820, 1825, 1830
1810 census, Kuopio county, Karelens Östre district, Libelits parish
1815 census, Vaasa county, Karelens Östre district, Kälviä parish, Kälviåby village
1820 census, Kuopio county, Nedre Savolax district, Rantasalmi parish
1825 census, Uusimaa county, Borga district, Helsinge parish
1830 census, Viipuri county, Kexholm Medledel district, Parikkala parish, Hongakylä village
1835, 1840, 1845
1835 census, Turku-Pori, Vehmaa district,Vehmaa parish
1840 census Uusimaa county, Västra Raseborg district, Tenala parish
1845 census Vaasa county, Korsholm Norra district, Lochteå parish, Alavuet village
1850, 1855, 1860
1850 census, Viipuri county, Jäski district, Jäski parish, Ahola village
1855 census, Kuopio county, Kuopio district, Kuopio parish, Airaksela village
1860 census Åbo och Björneborg county, Ålands district, Finström parish, Bamböle village
1865, 1870, 1875
1865 census, Turku-Pori county, Nedre Satkunda district, Ulfsby parish, Anola village
1870 census, Oulo county, Salo district, Pyhäjoki parish, Etelänkyla
1875 census, Turku-Poro county, Raseborgs Westra district, Pojo parish, Anskog village
1880, 1885
1880 census, Viipuri county, Kymmene district, Vederlax parish, Alapihlaja village
1885 census, Viipuri county, Sortavala district, Sortavala parish, Hakala village
1890
Finland, Viipuri county, Rannan district, Uusikirkko parish, Airikkala village
1895, 1900, 1905, 1910, 1915
1895 census, Mikkeli county, Rantasalmi district, Kerimäki parish, Haapaniemi village
1900 census, Viipuri county, Äyräpää disctrict. Muolaa parish, Hanttula village
1905 census, Häme county, Hollola district, Asikkala parish, Anianpelto village
1910 Häme county, Tammela district, Sääksmäki parish, Annila village
1910 Viipuri county, Lappeen district, Valkeala parish, Heikkilä village
1915 census Häme county, Hauho district, Hattula parish, Hakimäki village
Collection Details
Language
Swedish, Finnish
Location of Original Records
National Archives Service of Finland
"Finland, Tax Lists, 1809-1915." Database. FamilySearch. https://FamilySearch.org : 30 April 2026. Suomen Kansallisarkiston (National Archives of Finland), Helsinki.
